Author Guidelines

⚡ Author Guidelines Summary: Journal of Business Application (JBA) welcomes original research articles, case studies, and literature reviews in econometrics, business economics, finance, and related fields. Manuscripts must be written in English or Bahasa Indonesia, follow the APA 7th Edition citation style, and be submitted online through the journal's OJS system. All submissions undergo double-blind peer review. Average time to first decision: 30-60 days.

A. SUBMISSION PREPARATION CHECKLIST

As part of the submission process, authors are required to check off their submission's compliance with all of the following items. Submissions that do not adhere to these guidelines may be returned to authors.

✓ Originality

The submission has not been previously published, nor is it before another journal for consideration.

✓ File Format

Submission file is in Microsoft Word (.doc/.docx) or OpenOffice format.

✓ Formatting

The text is single-spaced; uses 12-point Times New Roman font; employs italics for emphasis; and all illustrations, figures, and tables are placed within the text at the appropriate points.

✓ Citation Style

The text adheres to the APA 7th Edition citation style.

✓ Anonymous Submission

Author names, affiliations, and any identifying information have been removed from the manuscript for double-blind review.

✓ Ethical Approval

For research involving human subjects or sensitive data, ethical approval documentation is available and mentioned in the manuscript.

B. MANUSCRIPT STRUCTURE

Manuscripts submitted to JBA should follow the standard structure below:

Title

Concise and informative, maximum 20 words. Avoid abbreviations and formulas. Title should reflect the content clearly.

Example: "The Impact of Digital Transformation on Financial Performance in Indonesian SMEs"

Author Information (Separate Page)

For blind review, include author details on a separate title page:

Full names of all authors
Institutional affiliations (department, university, city, country)
ORCID IDs (recommended)
Email address of corresponding author
Contributions of each author (if applicable, following CRediT taxonomy)
Acknowledgments and funding information

Abstract

A single paragraph of 200-300 words summarizing the paper's purpose, methods, key findings, and conclusions. Do not include citations or abbreviations. Abstract must be provided in both English and Bahasa Indonesia.

Structure: Background/Purpose → Methods → Results → Conclusions → Keywords (4-6 words)

Introduction

Provide background context, identify the research problem, review relevant literature, state the research gap, and clearly articulate the research objectives or hypotheses. Explain the significance and contribution of the study to business theory and practice.

Literature Review / Theoretical Framework

Review relevant theoretical and empirical literature in the field of business, economics, or finance. Develop the theoretical framework that guides the study. This section may be combined with introduction or presented separately.

Methods

Describe the research design, data sources, population and sample, data collection methods, and analysis techniques in sufficient detail to allow replication. Include ethical considerations and approval where applicable. For quantitative studies, specify econometric models used.

Results

Present findings clearly and concisely, using tables and figures where appropriate. Do not interpret results in this section. Ensure all tables and figures are cited in the text.

Discussion

Interpret the results, explain their significance, relate findings to previous research, discuss theoretical and practical implications for business, and acknowledge limitations.

Conclusion

Summarize the main findings, restate the contribution, and provide recommendations for future research and business practice. Do not introduce new information.

References

List all cited sources in APA 7th Edition format. Ensure every citation in text appears in the reference list and vice versa. Include DOIs where available. Minimum of 20 recent references (last 10 years) recommended.

Appendices (Optional)

Include supplementary materials such as questionnaires, detailed data, or additional analyses.

C. FORMATTING REQUIREMENTS

General Formatting

File format: Microsoft Word (.doc, .docx)
Paper size: A4
Font: Times New Roman, 12 pt
Line spacing: Single (1.0)
Margins: 2.5 cm (all sides)
Page numbers: Bottom center
Manuscript length: 4,000 - 8,000 words (including references and appendices)

Headings

Level 1: Bold, centered, title case
Level 2: Bold, left-aligned, title case
Level 3: Bold, italic, left-aligned, title case
Level 4: Bold, indented, sentence case, ending with period

Language

English: Use standard American or British English consistently
Bahasa Indonesia: Follow Pedoman Umum Ejaan Bahasa Indonesia (PUEBI)
Abstract must be in both English and Bahasa Indonesia

Tables and Figures

Tables: Numbered sequentially (Table 1, Table 2). Place caption above the table. Use clear headings and consistent formatting.
Figures: Numbered sequentially (Figure 1, Figure 2). Place caption below the figure. Ensure high resolution (minimum 300 dpi).
All tables and figures must be cited in the text (e.g., "as shown in Table 1").
Obtain permission for any copyrighted material.

D. CITATION AND REFERENCE STYLE (APA 7TH EDITION)

JBA uses the APA (American Psychological Association) 7th Edition citation style. Below are examples of common citation formats:

In-Text Citations

One author: (Santoso, 2020) or Santoso (2020)

Two authors: (Wahyuni & Fauzi, 2021) or Wahyuni and Fauzi (2021)

Three or more authors: (Pratama et al., 2022) or Pratama et al. (2022)

Direct quote: (Santoso, 2020, p. 45)

Multiple sources: (Santoso, 2020; Wahyuni & Fauzi, 2021)

Reference List Examples

Journal Article:
Santoso, B. (2020). Digital transformation and SME performance. Journal of Business Application, 1(1), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.55098/jba.v1i1.1

Book:
Wahyuni, S., & Fauzi, A. (2021). Financial management in emerging markets. Penerbit Universitas Indonesia.

Book Chapter:
Pratama, H. (2022). Consumer behavior in e-commerce. In R. Dewi (Ed.), Digital marketing strategies (pp. 78-95). Penerbit Andi.

Conference Paper:
Lestari, M. (2021, November 15-17). Financial literacy and investment decisions [Paper presentation]. International Conference on Business and Economics, Jakarta, Indonesia.

Thesis/Dissertation:
Ridwan, M. (2020). Corporate governance and firm value in Indonesia (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Universitas Indonesia.

Website:
BPS. (2023). Statistical data of Indonesia. Badan Pusat Statistik. https://www.bps.go.id

Reference Management Tools: Authors are strongly encouraged to use reference management software such as Mendeley, Zotero, or EndNote to ensure accurate formatting. JBA provides APA 7th style files for these tools upon request.

E. SUBMISSION PROCESS

Register/Login

Go to https://unidjar.id/index.php/jba/user/register and create an account. If you already have an account, log in.

Start New Submission

Click on "New Submission" and follow the 5-step submission process:

Step 1: Prepare - Confirm checklist items and read journal policies
Step 2: Upload submission - Upload the manuscript file (anonymous)
Step 3: Enter metadata - Add title, abstract, keywords, and author information (on separate page)
Step 4: Upload supplementary files - Optional (data, questionnaires, etc.)
Step 5: Confirm - Review and complete submission

Track Submission

After submission, you can track the status through the OJS system. You will receive email notifications at each stage (assignment to editor, reviewer invitations, decision).

Respond to Reviews

If revisions are requested, submit a revised manuscript along with a detailed response to reviewers (point-by-point explanation of changes made).

Important: Ensure that the manuscript file is anonymous for double-blind review. Remove author names, affiliations, acknowledgments, and any self-identifying citations (use "Author, year" instead of specific citations that reveal identity).

F. ETHICAL GUIDELINES

Authors submitting to JBA must adhere to the following ethical standards (see also Publication Ethics page):

Originality

Manuscripts must be original and not published elsewhere. Any use of others' work must be properly cited.

Plagiarism

Plagiarism in any form is unacceptable. All submissions are screened using plagiarism detection software. Maximum similarity allowed: 20%.

Authorship

All listed authors must have contributed significantly to the work. Ghost, guest, or gift authorship is prohibited. Corresponding author must ensure all co-authors approve the final version.

Research Ethics

For research involving human subjects, authors must confirm that informed consent was obtained and that the study was approved by an appropriate ethics committee.

Conflict of Interest

Authors must disclose any financial or personal relationships that could influence the research.

Data Integrity

Authors should retain raw data for at least 5 years after publication and be prepared to provide it to editors if requested.

Plagiarism Check: All manuscripts undergo plagiarism screening using Turnitin or iThenticate. Manuscripts with similarity above 20% (excluding references) may be rejected without review.

G. ARTICLE PROCESSING CHARGES (APC)

IDR 350,000

Article Processing Charge (APC)

(approximately USD $22-25)

No submission fee - Authors are not charged for submitting manuscripts.
APC is charged only upon acceptance - Payment is required after the manuscript is accepted for publication.
Waiver policy - Waivers are available for authors from low-income countries or those facing financial hardship. Requests should be submitted before or during submission.
What APC covers: Editorial processing, peer review management, copyediting, typesetting, DOI registration (prefix 10.55098), and permanent archiving.

For detailed information, see the Article Processing Charges (APC) page.

H. COPYRIGHT AND LICENSING

All articles published in JBA are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).

Authors retain copyright - No copyright transfer required.
Self-archiving allowed - Authors may deposit any version of their article in institutional repositories, personal websites, or anywhere immediately upon publication.
Reuse permitted - Others may share and adapt the work with proper attribution.

For detailed information, see the Copyright Notice and Open Access Policy pages.

I. FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

❓ How long does the review process take?

The average time from submission to first decision is 30-60 days, consistent with the journal's policy. This depends on reviewer availability and the quality of the manuscript.

❓ Can I submit my manuscript in Bahasa Indonesia?

Yes. JBA accepts manuscripts in both English and Bahasa Indonesia. However, the abstract must be provided in both languages. Articles in Bahasa Indonesia should include an English title and abstract.

❓ Is there a word limit?

Manuscripts should be between 4,000 and 8,000 words (including references and appendices). Longer manuscripts may be considered if justified by the content, especially for empirical studies with extensive data analysis.

❓ How many authors can be listed?

There is no maximum limit, but all authors must have made significant contributions. Each author's contribution should be briefly described in the manuscript following CRediT taxonomy (conceptualization, methodology, formal analysis, writing, supervision, etc.).

❓ Can I suggest reviewers?

Yes. Authors may suggest up to 3 potential reviewers with their institutional emails. The editor is not obligated to use these suggestions and will consider conflicts of interest. Please avoid suggesting colleagues from your own institution.

❓ Can I submit my article that has been presented at a conference?

Yes. Conference papers can be submitted if they have been substantially revised and expanded, and if they have not been published in full in conference proceedings. Please mention the conference presentation during submission.

❓ What if I need to make corrections after submission?

Contact the editorial office immediately. If the manuscript is still in the initial checking stage, you may be able to withdraw and resubmit. Once review has begun, changes cannot be made until after the review process.

J. DOWNLOADABLE TEMPLATES

To assist authors in preparing their manuscripts, JBA provides the following templates:

Manuscript Template (English)

Microsoft Word, APA 7th Edition

Download

Template Naskah (Bahasa Indonesia)

Microsoft Word, APA 7th Edition

Download

Cover Letter Template

Optional but recommended

Download

Note: Templates include proper formatting, heading styles, and example references. Using the template is strongly recommended but not mandatory.

K. CONTACT INFORMATION

Editorial Office
Journal of Business Application (JBA)
Universitas Dr. Djar Wattiheluw
Indonesia

Email: admin@unidjar.id
Technical Support (OJS): admin@unidjar.id
Website: https://unidjar.id/index.php/jba

Editor in Chief: Eduard Yohannis Tamaela
Scopus | Google Scholar

For questions about submission, formatting, or the review process, please contact the editorial office. We aim to respond within 2 working days.

These Author Guidelines follow international journal standards and align with the requirements for Scopus indexing. Last updated: March 2026.